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Thursday 30 June 2011

Similarities in the characters from To Kill a Mocking Bird and Remember the Titans

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There were many similarities in the characters from To Kill a Mocking Bird and Remember the Titans. The characters in both of the stories have similar experiences, but they dealt with them differently.


Walter Cunningham in To Kill a Mocking Bird had a lot of things in common with “The Fat Kid” in Remember the Titans (I didn’t quite catch his name, so I will refer to him as “The Fat Kid”). Well, Walter and “The Fat Kid” came from family’s that didn’t have a lot of money. Walter couldn’t afford to bring a lunch to school, and “The Fat Kid” couldn’t pay for college, so he wasn’t going to bother getting his grades up. Walters family was poor, and paid for things in ways other than with cash. They chopped wood, and made home cooked food for people they owed money too. In “the fat kid’s” family, none of them had ever gone to college, so he didn’t have very high expectations for himself.


Walter and “the fat kid” both dealt with their situations differently though. Walter wouldn’t take anything that he couldn’t pay back, and wouldn’t accept money from anyone. “the fat kid” on the other hand, shared his test scores with the coach, and had his friend “The Rev” tutor him. Because “the fat kid” accepted help from his friends, he got accepted to college with a scholarship. Walter didn’t accept any help, and because of this, he would probable be poor his whole life.


Although Walter and “the fat kid” had similarities, they also had differences. They didn’t respond to their challenges in the same way, and would both have different futures ahead of them because of that.


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Methods of Improvisation

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The aim of this essay is to examine six styles of improvising music. Each different method is unique has a different pioneer who led the music forward and a birthplace, which not only changed the way people played music, but introduced whole new exciting cultures into these areas.


The first method of improvisation that this essay shall examine is blues. Blues came to America through the early music of slaves and sharecroppers in the plantations of the Deep South, particularly in Mississippi. It has even been suggested that one town, Cleveland, may be the exact birthplace of the blues itself. The music written usually consisted of an old farmhand song, which was sung by slaves working in labour in places such as cotton fields. They were written on guitar and often a harmonica was also used. The first blues star to come to light was Charley Patton. However, it was not until the 140’s that blues enjoyed it’s golden age. The 140s were the height of the blues age. Many great blues musicians took centre stage inspiring the coming age of rock that would soon become the central musical art form in this country such as Elvis and Buddy Holly. Probably the most famous and mainstream blues musician also hailed from Missouri. This is the singer and guitarist BB King. His reign as King of the Blues has been as long as that of any monarch on earth. Yet B.B. King continues to wear his crown well. At age 76, he is still light on his feet, singing and playing the blues with relentless passion.


The blues scale is A diatonic major scale incorporating a flat or bent rd, a flat or bent 7th and sometimes a flat or bent 5th to approximate melodic notes that originated in African work songs. Since the actual pitch is unavailable on a piano, the flatted note is often played or crushed against the natural pitch to approximate the blue note. This makes solo’s incredibly soulful sounding and usually very downbeat.


New Orleans had a great tradition of celebration. Opera, military marching bands, folk music, the blues, different types of church music, ragtime, echoes of traditional African drumming, and all of the dance styles that went with this music could be heard and seen throughout the city. When all of these kinds of music blended into one, jazz was born. �Wynton Marsalis. I have chosen to select this quote to introduce the next method of improvisation, which came out of New Orleans. This is known as traditional improvisation. Louis Armstrong was one of the most influential artists in the history of music. Born in New Orleans, Louisiana, on August 4, 101, he began playing the cornet at the age of 1. Armstrong perfected the improvised jazz solo, as we know it. Before Armstrong, Dixieland was the style of jazz that everyone was playing. This was a style that featured collective improvisation where everyone soloed at once. Armstrong developed the idea of musicians playing during breaks that expanded into musicians playing individual solos. This became the norm. Affectionately known as Pops and Satchmo, Louis was loved and admired throughout the world. He died in New York City on July 6, 171.


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The pre-eminently influential jazz musician of the 140s was saxophonist Charlie Parker, who became the leader of a new style known as bebop, bebop, or bop. The method of improvisation that evolved as a result of this was known as chord based. Bebop was still based on the principle of improvisation over a chord progression, but the tempos were faster, the phrases longer and more complex, and the emotional range expanded. Parkers frequent collaborators were trumpeter Dizzy Gillespie,


pianist Earl Bud Powell, and drummer Max Roach. Also highly regarded were pianist-composer Thelonious Monk, trumpeter Fats Navarro, and singer Sarah Vaughan. The late 140s brought forth an explosion of experimentation in jazz. The most influential of the mid-century experiments with classically influenced jazz were recordings made by an unusual group of nine musicians led by Charlie Parkers prot�g�, a young trumpeter named Miles Davis. The written arrangements, by Davis and others, were soft in tone but highly complex. Many groups adopted this so-called cool style, especially on the West Coast, and so it became known as West Coast jazz. Refined by players such as tenor saxophonists Zoot Sims and Stan Getz and baritone saxophonist Gerry Mulligan, cool jazz flourished throughout the 150s. Most musicians, however, continued to expand on the hotter, more driving bebop tradition. Major exponents of the hard-bop or East Coast style included drummer Art Blakey and tenor saxophonist Sonny Rollins.


In 15 Davis and pianist Bill Evans devised the landmark Miles Davis album, Kind of Blue, which also featured tenor saxophonist John Coltrane. The album contains a set of songs that remain in one key, chord, and mode for as long as 16 measures at a time which led to the term modal jazz. Also active during the 150s and 160s was composer, bassist, and bandleader Charles Mingus, who imbued his chord-progression-based improvisations with a wild, raw excitement.


Modal - As smaller ensemble soloists became increasingly hungry for new improvisational directives, some players sought to venture beyond Western adaptation of major and minor scales. Drawing from medieval church modes, which used altered intervals between common tones, players found new inspiration. Soloists could now free themselves from the restrictions of dominant keys and shift the tonal centers to form new harmonics within their playing. This became especially useful with pianists and guitarists, as well as trumpet and sax players. Pianist Bill Evans is noted for his Modal approach.





Fusion - By the early 170s, the term Fusion had come to identity a mixture of Jazz improvisation with the energy and new rhythms of Rock music. To the dismay of many Jazz purists, some of Jazz most significant innovators crossed over from the contemporary Hardbop into Fusion. Eventually commercial influences succeeded in undermining its original innovations. While it is arguable that this Fusion benefited the evolution of Rock, few of its influences remain in todays Jazz





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Wednesday 29 June 2011

Winthrop's A Model of Christian Charity

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Standing amidst the crowd on that rocky boat, John Winthrop addressed each and every Puritan that stood before him individually. The future colony of Massachusetts Bay, a community sent from England to further Calvinist religion, wondered how they, a group of outcasts who have a habit of quarreling with authority, could construct a strong society without fighting amongst themselves. In 16, aboard the Arbella, Winthrop addressed their concerns in his sermon A Model of Christian Charity. The structure and language of his oration focuses the audience on John Winthrop’s ultimate purpose.


John Winthrop, in A Model of Christian Charity, proposes that the community should obey the Covenant of God in order to prosper in the perilous lands of the British colonies. Winthrop delineates the concept of adhering to God’s Covenant as “lov[ing] one another with a pure heart fervently” and being “knit together” as a united community (). Winthrop affirms the overall expectation of the colony to be a balance between the government and the Church. In addition, the community should aim to prosper through supporting the public good, as opposed to the interests of individuals, in order to serve as an example to all future communities of New England.


The overriding purpose of Winthrop’s sermon is enhanced through the structure of his speech. A Model of Christian Charity is traditionally structured and, therefore, familiar to the Puritan audience. Like other traditional sermons, the audience hears a speech divided into three sections the model, which establishes the background and setting in which the speech is given; the reason, which serves as an analysis of Scripture; and the application, which interprets the Scripture and relates it to the immediate situation of the audience. Since the audience is familiar with the format of the speech, they can easily anticipate Winthrop’s movement within the sermon and follow Winthrop’s main message of serving God as a community.


The audience is also familiar with the question and answer technique used within Winthrop’s sermon. The technique is located within the reason section of the sermon and enables the audience to decipher and comprehend the key points concerning teachings of the Scriptures. In addition to comprehension, the question and answer segment appeases the audience’s reservations of the sermon. For example, by individually explaining the Biblical ideas of giving, lending, and forgiving, Winthrop delineates the audience’s “duty of mercy,” which is a vital action the Massachusetts Bay Colony must take in order to form a perfect community that upholds the highest of Christian standards (16). The concepts of giving, lending, and forgiving are an explanation of Winthrop’s ultimate purpose and are clarified through a question and answer layout familiar to the audience.


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Similar to the value of the question and answer segment, the audience’s focus is once again geared by Winthrop’s organizational technique. The audience is supplemented with a list of intricacies that help explain the broad ideas provided throughout the sermon. There are multiple incidents within A Model of Christian Charity when Winthrop introduces complex ideas, such as the initial “application of [the] discourse” (). The audience is fortunate, however, because Winthrop expounds each complexity through a simplified list that breaks down the greater principle. For example, the “application” is further developed into a list of four elucidating points the persons, the work, the end, and the means (). The audience is able to concentrate on Winthrop’s purpose by grasping his ideas in a structural format that clarifies his overall objectives through listing a series of sub points.


Besides the structural format, the audience of A Model of Christian Charity, is able to relate to Winthrop’s purpose through his use of language. Winthrop’s figurative devices are used to focus the audience on his purpose and include repetition, Biblical allusions, and metaphors that are derived from the Bible. Each method of figurative language seeks to relate to the Puritan audience to stress Winthrop’s purpose of outlining the tasks of the Massachusetts Bay Colony that will culminate in “serv[ing] the Lord and work[ing] out [their] salvation under the power and purity of His holy ordinances” ().


The audience uses Winthrop’s repetition as a way of verifying the emphasis on achieving their salvation. For example, when Winthrop notes a community should “rejoice together, mourn together, labor and suffer together,” he allows the audience to identify the stressed points of the sermon (5). In this example, the use of “together” reinforces Winthrop’s emphasis on the unity among the Puritans of the community. The audience is able to use the repetition of the speech to understand Winthrop’s thesis that only a community, working as a whole, can reach salvation.


Alluding to Biblical texts, Winthrop states that men must follow the laws of God, including showing mercy and justice towards others to survive in the colony. The two ways to demonstrate mercy and justice are to “do good to all” and never to deny the poor of the necessary items they need to live (16). The Puritans are so familiar with the words of the Bible and Scriptures that the allusions are easily recognizable. The Bible serves as a point of reference within the sermon for the audience. By encouraging God’s laws, Winthrop exerts a favorable emphasis on working as a community and supporting the public as a whole.


Winthrop also uses metaphors derived from the Bible to emphasize two very important ideas. Through the Bible, Winthrop both reassures the community and forewarns them of the future. The audience is first encouraged to prosper under God’s Covenant when Winthrop expresses the result of “avoid[ing] this shipwreck” (4). However, the Puritans are also warned that they “shall be as a city upon a hill” and serve as a model for all other communities; thus, the community at Massachusetts Bay has the duty of upholding God’s reputation (5). The audience is provided with both positive affirmation and pessimistic threat in Winthrop’s sermon.


After hearing John Winthrop’s discourse, the Puritans must have been filled with a slight uneasiness. While the overall optimistic speech embraces a community living under God, the sermon also serves as a forewarning to the people of Massachusetts Bay Colony. Winthrop’s audience is to engage in the responsibility of creating the perfect Christian community. The audience is advised of the benefits of succeeding as a perfect community. If they were to “keep the unity of the spirit in the bond of peace, the Lord will be [their] God, and delight to dwell among [them] as His own people; and will command a blessing upon [them] in all [their] ways, so that [they] shall see much more of His wisdom, power, goodness and truth, than formerly [they] have been acquainted with.” However, the audience is also warned of the danger that would follow if they were to fail as a colony. Ultimately, the Puritans fear polluting the reputation of God and being “consumed out of the good land” (5). Due to these two overriding points in the sermon, the audience must conclude that Winthrop’s purpose is to instill caution and uneasiness in the audience when they begin building their new society.


Although Winthrop proposed to inspire the Massachusetts Colony to thrive under the ways of God, the audience must necessarily grasp the caution they should take upon the creation of their community. Through a traditional structural format and familiar usage of language, the audience comprehends the key points of Winthrop’s sermon. However, the responsibility that Winthrop places on the community causes uneasiness amongst the crowd. If the overpowering threat of failure were omitted from the speech, it is possible that the audience of his sermon, for years to come, would arrive at a completely different understanding of Winthrop’s message.





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Symbolism in George Eliot's "The Lifted Veil"

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George Eliot’s “The Lifted Veil”


“The Lord G-d called out to man and said to him, ‘where are you?’ He replied, ‘I heard the sound of you in the garden, and I was afraid because I was naked, so I hid (Genesis 10).” A common interpretation of the story of Adam and Eve, is that their story is the beginning of man’s self-centered nature and hence the inner dwellings of the subconscious. In The Lifted Veil, Eliot explores how a knowingness of someone else’s inner thoughts brings about fear. Every person has thoughts that they want no one to see. When one senses that someone else has recognized the true thoughts of the subconscious, the natural reaction since the time of Adam is to “hide” because now they feel completely vulnerable. The implications of the very title of The Lifted Veil, is associated with disclosure and secrecy. When this concealment of the soul and subconscious is lifted than secrecy and guilt set in. The significance of the title of this story is symbolic of the hidden meanings in this book; moreover, the hidden meaning of our minds and the spirit world.


Latimer, with his power of insight knows more than anybody does the danger in revealing too much about ones self. He mentions in his “last hours,” how he has “never fully unbosomed myself to any human being” (Eliot 4). Latimer is all too aware of the dangers of someone peering in upon your most secretive thoughts. Latimer becomes obsessed with secrecy of his own “veil’ being lifted. He is well aware that when he can read anothers thoughts than they are completely vulnerable to him. This is also the reason why Latimer is so mesmerized by Bertha before he can finally read into her thoughts.


The title suggests the lifting of the veil ritual at bridal ceremonies. The woman wears a white gown to symbolize virginity. Virginity suggests innocence, sensitivity, and ignorance of the ways of the world. Hence, vulnerability of the virgin bride who puts trust in the groom who will take her virginity away. Hence Latimer’s obsession with Bertha. Latimer becomes a virgin in her mist, for he is vulnerable because he does not know what reigns in her thoughts. In this sense Latimer is the veiled virgin at Bertha’s mercy. Latimer describes this power of Bertha over him as such “there is no tyranny more complete than that which a self-centered negative nature exercises over a morbidly sensitive nature perpetually craving sympathy and support” (Eliot 15). Thus secrecy pervades the consciousness of Latimer for fear of his own “veil” being lifted. Latimer says that he “never allowed my diseased condition to betray itself…except once” (Eliot 18). Astonishingly enough this one slip was with his brother whom he felt complete power over. Yet when Latimer slipped he became a virgin trying to protect his own sacred chastity or secret. Latimer describes that when this happened that


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“the words had no sooner escaped my lips than I felt a shock of alarm lest


such an anticipation of words-very far from being words of course, easy to


divine-should have betrayed me as an exceptional being, a sort of quiet


energumen, whom every one, Bertha above all, would shudder at and


avoid” (Eliot 18).


Eliot further illustrates Latimer’s veil of secrecy and fear of vulnerability of being exposed when Latimer describes his condition as a “suspicion which of all things I dreaded” (7).


Latimer characterizes his relationship with the vulnerability that he sees in everyone else with his own secrecy. Latimer theorizes that


“breaking in on the privacy of another soul, made me, by an irrational


instinct, draw the shroud of concealment more closely around my own,


as we automatically perform the gesture we feel to be wanting in another”


(Eliot 8).


Latimer now sees the importance of secrecy in one’s deepest thoughts. Thus when this veil of secrecy is lifted one is left at the mercy of others. For this, Latimer feels a deep sense of guilt.


Latimer’s preoccupation with Bertha is filled with a desirous passion. Latimer’s mental capacities aside, people are sometimes fall in love with someone else who does not love them back, and so have an obsession to get this person to love them. Soon though, one begins to fall for the idea of this person, as opposed to the actual person himself or herself. Even Latimer with his unique insight cannot escape this feeling. For when Latimer gains some insight into her thoughts he still cannot quite yet escape his longing for her. When he finally can see into her thoughts than the sense of mystery becomes veiled and Latimer begins to lose his passion and obsession towards Bertha, and knowingness becomes contempt.


Latimer’s largest sense of guilt in the novel comes from his own discoveries of the human soul, and in particular his own. When Latimer has the premonition of his brother’s death he still cannot escape the dark feelings of his own soul, he laments


“In after-days I thought with bitter regret that if I had foreseen something


more or something different-if instead of that hideous vision which


poisoned the passion it could not destroy” (Eliot 1).


Latimer feels a sense of guilt at the own recognition of his own thoughts, but can do nothing to escape them. Latimer than discovers that his thoughts are no different or less dark than the others that he felt contempt for.


The same relationship of that Latimer shares with Bertha is parallel to her relationship with Mrs. Archer. Latimer notes that “there had arisen in Bertha’s mind towards this woman a mingled feeling of fear and dependence” (Eliot 5). Latimer knows that their relationship dealt with insight and secrets. He knows this for sure when he remarks that “the dark veil had completely fallen,” between these two women. When Mrs. Archer reveals her secret, with her last reviving breath than once again human nature is revealed.


Human nature is at the heart of this novel. The title suggests the consequences of acute awareness. Like Adam, Latimer knows the vulnerability of being naked before someone. Eliot further demonstrates the darkness that lies in the human soul, that is shrouded in secrecy and guilt. After the last confession of Mrs. Archer, Latimer exclaims “Great G-d! Is this what it is to live again…to wake up with our unstilted thirst upon us, with our unuttered curses rising to our lips, with our muscles ready to act their half-committed sins?” (Eliot 4). Eliot, like Latimer through The Lifted Veil, gives us insight into our own soul and the consequences of having our veils lifted.





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Tuesday 28 June 2011

drugs

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DRUG ABUSE


The word drug is defined as any substance, other than food, that can affect the body and or mind in any way. Drugs are used in every culture in the world. There are hundreds of types of drugs, each of which affect the bodies’ nervous system in its own way, whether good or bad. Some drugs are developed for medical uses and are approved by the federal government before they are available to the public. The drugs are legal if taken by the one that they are prescribed to. Some drugs are made up of various chemicals which have altered affects on the body. These drugs include the ever so popular names such as Cocaine, Crack, PCP, Ice, and LSD. These drugs illegally produced usually under poor circumstances and of cheep and dangerous household cleaning products. Unstable drugs are responsible for killing thousands of young people each year. Not all drugs are illegal. These drugs include tobacco, alcohol, caffeine, and several other everyday items. All drugs can be abused.


The topic of drug abuse is a broad one among the American leaders. Young kids are experimenting with drugs. Drug abuse can be hard to spot. According to the D.A.R.E. Manual signs to look for, for people getting into drugs, are dramatic changes in behavior, signs of physical deterioration, identification with drugs culture, signs of paraphernalia, dramatic changes in school performance; these are just a few signs to look for. We are taught as a child to “just say no”, however it sometimes does not set in till the end. Many people suffer from drug abuse and addiction. They blame the drugs for their problems when they are the ones putting the drugs into their own bodies.


Drugs can have bad effects on the economy. Every dollar spent on illegal drugs is one less dollar that our economy has to pay for better schools, for better roads, or for better health care. The buying of these illegal drugs helps put crime on the street and guns in the hands of youth.


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ALCOHOL


According to Rosen, the author of Everything You Need to Know about Drug Abuse, the number one drug of choice in the United States is Alcohol. Alcohol is the most abused drug in the United States. Although it is illegal to drink if you are under the age of twenty-one, one out of every five teens has a drinking problem. This means that about million teens have trouble with alcohol. There are many types of drinks which have alcohol in them. They are divided into beer, wine, and liquor. Although they are divided into categories, they still have the same potent ingredient in them, Ethel Alcohol. Ethel Alcohol, when put into the body, causes the brain to send mixed messages to the body. These mixed messages could make you angry or happy. These messages also could slur your speech, or make you stager when you walk. Alcohol not only effect the visible aspects of the body it also effect parts of the body that are unseen. It makes the blood vessels expand causing more blood to flow through the veins. This causes the body to loose heat and may cause one to freeze to death. The liver is also greatly affected by alcohol. The liver is an organ that is responsible for filtering the alcohol out of the blood and riding the body of it. The alcohol makes the liver work harder than normal this causes the liver cells to turn fatty and harden. Drinking for a long time can cause cirrhosis of the liver and could kill. The use of alcohol impairs ones ability to judge between right and wrong. Many crimes are committed while using alcohol.


Alcohol is a very addictive drug. It is socially accepted, making it easier to become an alcoholic. Alcoholism is very common among today’s world. Alcohol can take control of ones life. The body builds a tolerance for the alcohol and becomes used to the effects. It takes a little more each time to get the desired effects. When the body gets use to the alcohol, it needs it to work. It is very hard to stop. One who drinks everyday can not stop at one time. The body will start to tremble and shake. Group homes are set up for those trying to quit drinking. Some of these homes are set up by the state and use state taxes to operate. Private homes are also available. These homes offer professional help for those in need of help.


TOBACCO


Tobacco is another American drug of choice. Unlike alcohol it is grown not produced. Tobacco is a legal drug if used by a person the age of eighteen years of age or older. Tobacco is very addictive. Tobacco contains several agents that are dangerous. These agents are tar and nicotine. Nicotine is the most dangerous of them all. Nicotine has the ability to enter the blood stream faster than heroin. It affects the brain and central nervous system. Nicotine is a stimulant and a depressant. It stimulates the nerves in the spinal cord slowing reactors; it also affects the heart and lungs. The use of tobacco products over a period of time can cause physiological dependence. This makes it very difficult to stop using the product. The cost of tobacco is much more than just the price of a pack of “smokes.” It is estimated that the cost of tobacco products cost the economy 1. million dollars in indirect costs. This is according to Dr. Dorothy Rice of the University of California. Prolonged use of tobacco can cause lung cancer, throat cancer, and mouth cancer.


Tobacco not only affects the person using it but it effects the people in the environment around it. Because of its ability to enter the blood stream, the use of tobacco products by an expecting mother can harm the unborn child. Tobacco causes the blood vessels to tighten up. This makes the blood flow slower and could cause a blood clot. A blood clot is a thick mass of blood. It can break loose from the spot it was formed and make its way through the body. This is dangerous. If it reaches the brain it will cause one to have a stroke. Prolong use of tobacco can also cause emphysema. Emphysema is deadly. People with sever emphysema have to use oxygen just to breath. Without the oxygen they would die.


COCAINE


Cocaine is derived from a plant. The cocaine is extracted from the leaves of the cannabis plant. It is often white as snow. Cocaine gives a feeling of euphoria like no other drug. It makes one feel happy and the feeling that he or she can do anything. The feeling does not last long. When the person comes down from the high, they are usually in a state of depression. One gets the feeling that they are hopeless and worthless. They will do anything to get the high back. Although cocaine is not physically addictive, your mind craves it. You want cocaine all the time. It takes over and will ruin your life. Cocaine will make some people do anything to get the money to buy it. People will sell themselves to get it. They will steal from anyone without a feeling of remorse for doing so.


Cocaine speeds up the heart and could cause one to have a heart attack. Many successful people have died from the drug. Len Bias had signed a contract to play for the Boston Celtics. His friend gave him some cocaine to try for the first time. He died moments later. His great career as a basketball player ended the same day it started. Some people can not stand the feeling of high they get from cocaine so they add heroin to it. When cocaine is this way, it is called a speedball. It is very harmful and can kill. The comedian John Belushi died while injecting a speedball into his arm.


CRACK


The number one drug on the streets today is crack. Crack is three-quarters cocaine. However unlike cocaine, crack is addictive. Crack takes just seconds to get to your brain and take its effect. Crack gives one an intense high that last for only a few minutes. When the rush goes away, the crash begins. The crack addict goes down so fast that energy is lost, control is lost, and feeling desperate for more crack. The addict will do almost anything to get more crack. The search for more becomes the life work for the addict. It can lead to crimes such as drug dealing, stealing, and prostitution.


HEROIN


Heroin comes from morphine. Morphine was used by doctors to ease the pain of surgery. Morphine is very addictive so doctors made heroin out of it but soon found that heroin was more addictive than morphine. It was stop being used but not before people on the streets found out about it. It produces a powerful high. It slows the heart beat and breathing. It is injected into the skin with a needle. The heroin then inters the blood stream and produces the high. Addicts often inject heroin several times a day. This leaves tiny sores on the arms or legs where the needle was inserted. These sore often get infected. Many diseases are passed through the needles. Often the same needle is used by several people. Hepatitis, a serious blood disease, is very common among heroin addicts. AIDS can be passed when the needle are shared. Heroin stops all the body cells from working properly. They can not get the needed nutrition to stay healthy. The heroin makes the body loose calcium causing the bones to break easily and the teeth to rot. Addicts stop caring how they look and go days without washing.


Maybe you have heard the saying “Just say no.” This is a misleading saying. It implies that when someone asks you to take drugs that all you should do is ay no. By just saying no, you do not help the people around you or the ones that are already addicted. Rather than just saying no you should try to reason with other people and give support to maybe help them get off drugs too. There are many ways to help people cope with a drug problem for example


Lisa notice that her brother was sleeping all the time. When he was awake, he looked tired and out of energy. She had remembered from her health class that lack of motivation and constant tiredness was signs of drugs use. She thought that maybe Steve was smoking dope but was not sure how to help. She thought about telling her parents but did not. She knew that Steve would be mad at her and probably not trust her again. She was worried about his health and knew that she had to act fast. She called a friend of Steve’s. Ironically he was a recovering drug addict. He was thankful that she had called him. He felt that he could be good help to Steve. He called Steve to talk with him about how he felt after quitting the drugs. He told him how his health was better. He let Steve know that he had his support if he ever needed it.


Lisa was creative in finding a way to get help for the one that she cared about who had a problem with drugs. There are a lot of solutions available for those who are addicted to a drug, and you can be the one they need to help them. Do not give up. Help is out there.


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Discrimination Against Blacks In America

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Discrimination. It is defined as a difference in attitude or treatment shown to a particular person, class, etc. When the word “discrimination” is said, most people think discrimination against African-Americans, or blacks. Throughout history in the United States black people have been discriminated against because of the color of their skin. Despite the gains in the struggle to eliminate discrimination of blacks in America, discrimination is still a major issue influencing society in the United States.


In 1865, the 1th Amendment was ratified. The 1th Amendment set free the slaves, percent of whom were blacks, free. This gave them a chance to a new life and new opportunities. Three years later, in 1868, the 14th Amendment was passed. This Amendment allowed blacks to be citizens. Unfortunately blacks still could not vote and it wasn’t until 1870, with the ratification of the 15th Amendment, blacks could vote. This gave blacks more freedom and more power to be a part of American society.


During the late 1800’s and early 100’s, the Supreme Court made some decisions that helped change the way blacks were headed. In a case in 188, Homer A. Plessy refused to move out of a whites only car on a railroad train in Louisiana. Police came and arrested him for breaking the “law.” So in turn, Plessy sued the railroad, stating it affected his right to equal protection under the 14th Amendment. This became known as the Plessy v.


Ferguson case. When it was brought to the Court, the Court said that they did not discriminate because it “provided ‘separate but equal ’ seating for both races” (Dunn 6). Though it seemed as if nothing was accomplished, it actually just paved the way for cases to come.


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Linda Brown, a black girl from Topeka, Kansas, was not allowed in a public school five blocks away from her house. This was because she is black. Instead she had to go to a black school twenty-one blocks away. Linda’s father, Oliver Brown was angry and brought the case to court. When the case, Brown v. Board of Education, was first brought to court it was ruled for the defendant because of the separate but equal “law”. There were cases of this sort popping up all over the place, and so by the time Brown’s case came up, it was brought to the Supreme Court. After all the arguments had been heard, on May 17, 154, Chief Justice Earl Warren stated that, “We conclude that in the field of public education the doctrine of ‘ “separate but equal” ’ has no place. Separate educational facilities are inherently unequal” (Dunn 51-5). Forty-eight years after the Plessy v. Ferguson case, blacks started to become part of the United States, in legal perspectives.


The NAACP (National Association for the Advancement of Colored People), is largely involved and supportive of the blacks in these types of situations. The NAACP was formed in 110. This organization is one that unites blacks to move forward to equal freedom. They supported school admittance and desegregation. They wanted to be treated as equals.


The NAACP also supported cases like Donald G. Murray’s. In 15, Murray was allowed into a white university because there were no black universities. The court ruled


in Murray’s favor. The NAACP believed this was their first major victory. In a similar case, Lloyd Lionel Gaines was not allowed to attend the University of Missouri. This was because he was black. He sued the school because there were no all-black schools around there. After two and a half years of court hassle the Supreme Court ruled in favor of Gaines. This was a start to desegregation of schools and paved the way for black student hopefuls (Dunn 48).


In 157, nine blacks enrolled at Central High School, Little Rock, Arkansas. For seven days National Guard, ordered by Governor Faubus, blocked those nine black students from entering the school. On September , the students (nine blacks) were allowed to enter the school after a court ruling, by Judge Davies, to call off the National Guards. These children were now being escorted by the Army to enter the school. In September of 158, Supreme Court stated that, “even with the threat of violence, desegregation of schools must go on” (Dunn 71).


Because of all of these cases and because of such blatant disrespect of another human with different skin, people, blacks in particular, began to protest. On August 8,16, Martin Luther King led a quarter of a million Americans before the Lincoln Memorial and Martin Luther King gave a moving speech. In this speech he said, “I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up and live out the true of its creed…We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal.” President Johnson signed the Civil Rights Act of 164 because of King’s speech and all of the other protests. It is now a law.


The Civil Rights Act of 164 put an end to segregation in public facilities. This law gave the government more power to control and to fight against discrimination in the


United States (Weber 45). It “ [D] elivered a fatal blow to the legality of Jim Crow” (Dunn 88).


Unfortunately, after all of the hard work Martin Luther King and all of the cases and laws passed for blacks, discrimination is still a big part of the United States. In the 180’s and 10’s, a number of publications and public debates showed the way whites and blacks view racism. Whites and blacks saw racism and the consequences of discrimination differently. “[M]any whites believe that racial discrimination had declined, while many blacks believed that more needed to be done to combat racial discrimination” (“African” ). “[P]ublic racial intolerance and shocking acts of racial violence offered disturbing signs that race was still very significant.” (“African” -). In 10, the percent of black kids in poverty was 44 percent, while the rate of whites was three times less (Fairclough 7).


Disturbing hate crimes seem to pop up everywhere. A group of white teenagers, with bats, attacked blacks kids who “invaded” their hood. This took place in Howard Beach, New York, 186. In 18, a white gang in Brooklyn, New York killed a black teenager. “Then in 11, video pictures of Los Angeles police beating Rodney King, a black motorist stopped for a traffic violation, were broadcast on national TV.” (“African” ). These hate crimes are proof that discrimination still exists. In Ward Connerly’s words, “ I still get the killing looks--cold hard stares of contempt and hatred” (71).


Though school integration was passed, many schools and communities managed to segregate themselves. White population of urban public schools declined. Busing was


affected also. In Boston, busing went from 60 percent to 6 percent (17-187) of whites. In New Orleans it went from percent to 8 percent (168-1). In Atlanta it went from


55 percent to 18 percent (161-17). In Houston it went from 50 percent to 17 percent (170-185) (Fairclough 8-).


By the late 180’s, black college graduates were able to find professional jobs but, “ ‘ they were 1 percent less likely than young whites to be in these occupants.’ Between 170 and 10 the income gap between black and white families widened in 170 the median income for black families had reached 61 percent of the white level; twenty years later it had declined to 58 percent” (Fairclough 7). Blacks were at least twice as likely to be out of work than whites between the 170’s and 180’s.


The discrimination goes on in this country, despite the laws, is disgusting. The African-American race has made significant gains over time. However, discrimination and hatred are still present in the United States. Blacks and whites do not have equal opportunities in all areas. Blacks and whites will have to deal with those circumstances and their consequences.





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Monday 27 June 2011

The best band in the radio

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The Radio is one of the most utilized media of communication used today. The radio is used by many persons in the home, car, work, ect. This it divided in two bands called A.M. and F.M. These bands are divided on stations. There exist many differences between these bands and its stations that do that a band has more audience than other. Lets find now.


The band F.M. takes stations as La Mega Station 106., Onda 4.7, La X 100.7, Z .7, Mix 107.7, ect. The majority of these stations possess a different programming. In this band F.M. predominates the transmit of interrupted music and morning programs. The stations in this band can be divided in the type of material transmitted by them. Many of them only transmit a type of music and others transmit the successes or the best songs in this week (top list).


These two bands are used by private companies or by the government. The great majority of the stations of the band F.M. belong to private companies. The audience of the band F.M. in general they are young due to the type of music transmitted by it. On the contrary the audience of the band A.M. they are adult and elderly by that in them more news is transmitted that music.


The majority of the A.M. stations are affiliated or associate to stations F.M. or television networks. The band A.M. has stations like Noti Uno, Radio WALO, Radio Tiempo, Radio Victoria, Radio Progreso, Radio Borinquen, Radio Proser, ect. Generally the stations A.M. transmit the news the 4 hours. The majority of the sport events is transmitted by stations A.M. These stations also transmit folk music and programs on the culture of Puerto Rico.


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In reality the radio entertains and informs all its audience. Each stations possesses its programming that attracts to its audience. In my opinion I like the band F.M. because transmits my favorite music although I listen some stations A.M. by its transmits sports events. Recall that if desires to listen music the stations F.M. are the better. But if it desires reported on the most recent news the stations A.M. helped them. The radio is one of the most utilized media of communication in our world by the persons.





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Women are more moral then Men

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“Women are more moral then men.” This is a common myth that many people, male and female, believe. This statement is incorrect and is not very clear. Women might be more moral on certain issues and the same goes for men. We have to look at certain aspects of being moral to make this phase correct, such as personal conflict, religion and law just to name a few. After we view these then maybe we can make this statement correct.


To say women are more moral then men, we must first define the meaning of moral. According to dictionary.com the legal definition of moral is “of or concerned with the judgment of the goodness or badness of human action and character, teaching or exhibiting goodness or correctness of character and behavior such as learning a moral lesson or rules or habits of conduct, especially of sexual conduct, with reference to standards of right and wrong.” Now that we defined the meaning of moral, we can argue that the statement “Women are more moral then men” cannot be true based on the fact that this definition does not specifically say men or women do these behaviors.


First lets talk about personal conflict within ones self. Lawrence Kohlberg found that women responded differently than men to moral dilemmas. He decided to study these differences closely. What he found was that “women’s morals seem to develop differently, even though they may end up doing the same things as highly moral men.” (Gilligan1) If you think about it men do things on the spur of the moment where as women take time to think about how their actions will affect another person. Men and women have about the same moral capacity but women do moral things in different ways than men and it’s more noticeable when men do things considered unmoral. Men become more involved than women in intellectually figuring out what is fair and what are our individual rights, such as in making rules and laws. Women think that talking to one another and considering each other’s viewpoints as where men either deal with the conflict right away or let it go and go on without remembering it, should work out differences. Gilligan makes a good point on this issue, men and women respond to conflict on different levels that each feel are moral to them so therefore one can not really say that one or the other is more moral.


Second, we will look at how men and women compare in religion. When many people think about morals they think about God and being religious in order to follow morals. In an article, I found titled “Are women more religious than men” I found some interesting things. “If authentic faith is the quality of one’s relationship with God and with others, it seems that the stronger orientation which women have towards relationships makes them more religious and more moral.” (Irish Catholic1) This quote relates back to what Carol Gilligan said about women being more open in relationships, women are more open to relationships, but that for that reason only we can not say that women are more moral then men. It’s a proven fact that more women attend church then men, but in a study done by The Irish Catholic it stated that when they surveyed men and women more men said they had a personal relationship with God than women do. “Since women define their identity through relationships of intimacy and care, the moral decisions they make are motivated differently then those of men.” (The Irish Catholic, ) This quote supports the fact that just because women and men do things differently does not mean that men or women are any more moral. In another survey done by Desmond O’Donnell he asked men and women why they act moral. Seventy percent of women said they did so because it means being true to themselves, but only sixty-one percent of men gave the same reply. As you can see the percentages are not really that different between the two sexes. Women and men are really not that different on the religion level, so therefore we still have not proved “women are more moral then men”.


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Last we can look at the law perspective on morals. When we think of morals we think of knowing right from wrong and when we think of someone who is in jail or commits a crime, we tend to sometimes think that that person must not have any morals. Statistics prove that more men are arrested each year than women. According to the Uniform Crime Reports show that in 001 40,66 males were arrested in the state of Pennsylvania and 6,806 females were arrested. However over the last decade the number of women being arrested has had a steady increase. So does this mean that women’s morals are going down or that women are now beginning to show their true sides and that women and men are equally moral, of course not.


After looking at these three aspects of personal conflicts between men and women and how they handle situations on a different level, religion and how men and women are relatively the same on their religious morals and finally the law aspect, which shows that women are on the rise of being arrested each year. The statement “women are more moral then men” is still not agreeable. Women and men are completely different and have different ways of doing things and we can’t base someone’s actions as unmoral, it all depends on the person. This statement is something that no one can prove, who has the right to judge morals besides God. I’d like to end with a quote that sums up my opinion on this topic. “We are not more moral; we are only uncorrupted by power. (Gilligan, 4)


WORKS CITED


Gilligan, Carol. “Writing your own Philosophy of Life”, February 00, http//mentalhelp.net/psyhelp/chap/chapj.htm


Lexico publishing group, LLC. , Copyright 00, www.dicitionary.com


Steinem, Gloria. “Women’s Liberation’ Aims to Free men, Too”, The Washington Post 7 June 170, http//scriptorium.lib.duke.edu/wlm/aims/


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Sunday 26 June 2011

Great Gatsby Green

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Green


In F. Scott Fitzgerald‘s The Great Gatsby there are many symbolic themes. One of the most prevalent of the themes is color, and the color that stands out the most is green. The color green is represented in the many thought patterns, attitudes, and choices that the characters make during the book. Jay Gatsby, a rich self-made man, is influenced by the color green more than anything else in the story.


Throughout the story the color green shows the many choices that Gatsby has made during his life. One example of the green symbolism is the green light at the end of the dock near Daisy’s house. In this instance the color green represents perfection because to Gatsby Daisy is perfect. It could also be seen as a warning to Gatsby telling him not to go after Daisy because his chance has already passed for her love, and he should leave it as it is. This is shown when Nick states, “He had come a long way to his blue lawn and his dream must have seemed so close that he could hardly fail to grasp it. He did not know that it was already behind him… ”(18).


In another way, although it is contradictory to the first, green could symbolize the action “to go”. This could mean that Gatsby shouldn’t sit back and only wonder what his life would be like but to go for it. It shows that Gatsby and Daisy are meant for each other and that no one or anything should stand in his way in accomplishing his goal. It tells Gatsby if he accomplishes his goal it will bring him happiness, but to achieve his goal he cannot stop. He hopes to recreate what he had in the past by only pushing on through the future. Gatsby says, ““I’m going to fix everything just the way it was before,” he said nodding determinedly, “She’ll see.”” (117).


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Essay In Political Ideologies

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Religious beliefs are fundamentally different from ideological beliefs. Do you agree?


Religion has always been perceived by people as a cultural definer, a way of reasoning upon and conceptualizing the sorrounding environment, a gate towards the unknown, a mirror of a different, more sacred yet more symbolical reality. Religious beliefs have been a part of people’s lives for thousands of years, permanently suffering changes in their shape, importance, symbolism, as people evolved, as history evolved. That is why, religion, in itself, is strongly linked to mankind’s historical performances, evolution and mentality.


To begin with, in Ancient times, religious beliefs (even though not yet Christian) represented subtle forms of ideologies, of doctrines, imposing a code of life, a code of behaviour. These values gradually moved to form the personal environment of every man, the commandments he/she had to abide by in order to be able to communicate with supernatural presences (gods/goddesses) and ask for their help and guidance in extreme situations, and even be granted a happy life after death. Yet, all the rules and regulations of such a code of moral behaviour had been invented by ancestors and had long become an essential part of their cultural heritage. Thus, religious beliefs were a self-imposed not questionable form of accepting this reality and the other, beyond death. The fact that people did not even think to doubt them or wonder about them, makes me think that religion was indeed a formal channel of imposing human-made ideologies, related to the natural and the supernatural. Let’s take for example the Egyptians, whose religious culture was probably the most prolific in Ancient times. If we judge their culture with modern day concepts and notions, we would conclude that they were under a serious and constant almost “invisible” form of indoctrination. People always felt sorrounded by divine forces, either good or bad, either having a human or an animal appearance or even both. The fact that Egyptian deities took such strange forms, explained the ancient Egyptian’s process of religious thinking he had to believe in real, concrete presences, who looked like humans, but also had those traits that related them to the animal world as well; they needed to have human feelings but animal instincts, to be more appropiate and much closer to a regular Egyptian’s power of understanding and of respecting his reality.


By contrast to the Egyptian religion, whose core idea was axed upon life after death, Greek religious beliefs dealt more with seeking the protection of gods during one’s lifetime. Greek religion held a numerous range of gods and goddesses, temples, mystical secrets (ancient beliefs and rituals), myths and legends. They were seen as answers to any individual’s intimate need for peace and solitude, promising him salvation of the soul, curing him/her of their fear of death and “ensuring” them of a happy, serene life. Thus, Greeks’ or Egyptians’ (or any other ancient peoples’) religious cultures were constructed upon a fundament of ideologies, encompassing different interpretations of the personal/public life and duties of the individual, and physical representations, for all walks of life, for a better Implementation and visualisation.


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Therefore, individuals were taught to believe that their lives were governed, their behaviour and thinking conducted, step by step, from birth to death, and beyond, by unchangeable sacred laws of unearthly beings.


With the introduction of Christianity and the Bible, religion took a more compact and hierarchical form of organization, ideologically and administratively speaking, the Church. Religious obligations and civic duties were separated and the Church separated itself from the State, even though it was to acquire a more powerful influence over people’s lives but over politics as well (the peasants were, most of all, defavourised, because they were illiterate and did not understand much of the religious teachings, unless it was explained to them by the clerics. Therefore, they were shared a subjective opinion). Thus, the Church would not only have maximum control over individuals’ lives and way of thinking but would also spread that control over political decisions, too. What could be more self-explanatory and would definitely fit into this political decision-making realm, than the Crusades, the (Spanish) Inquisition or the religious wars, later on? How can anyone doubt the power of the religious precepts, when they served as pretext and starting point for promotion of wars or for excessive and misunderstood religious duties that put an end to thousands of lives? Even though their existences, purposes, ideological prerogatives and means of reinforcing them, proved to be controversial and much debated-on, they represent perfect examples of religious beliefs imposed as doctrines, in order either to serve political and economic needs or to purely reshape human vision on life and the world. Within the consciousness of the medieval man, religious beliefs equaled the importance of ideological beliefs nowadays. Starvation, epidemics, natural catastrophies, frequent wars and other forms of violence led to an instability of emotions, as well as to belief in the supernatural (dreams, miracles, myths) which governed people’s conception of human destinies. The joyous moments, the sad ones, death, birth, illnesses of various degrees and sizes, all were explained and understood through these mishapen religious perspectives, that also included belief in sorcerers, witches and other forms of whatever was perceived as evil (as oppossed to the “purity and goodness” concepts imgined by the Church). At one point, the level of religious evil-related indoctrination reached such an alarming level, that individuals not only feared their friends and neighbours for being potential devil “disciples”, but under the Church approval, they massacred thousands of people, generally labeled as heretics. Everyone and everything tht was against the Church was a heretic, automatically worshipped the evil one and had to be killed.


These times of massive confusion and incapacity of establishing and separating basic notions of good and bad, completely altered the nature of human kind in itself, and the nature and purpose of the Church. Instead of caring for the intimate, spiritual needs of every individual, the Church took leadership of his public sphere activities as well and filled it with false judgements that ultimately transformed people into accessories to murder. Therefore, in my opinion, deeply-rooted beliefs (religious ones, in this case) that trigger such strong emotional confusions/quakes and lead to such displays of hatred nd cruelty, must definitely be labeled as hard-core ideologies and thus mut have common fundament with such. This was the general idea of those times being of a certain religion was not viewed as a form of confession you would spiritually belong to and freely embrace (except for the Orthodox and the Catholic Churches, other types of confessions were not admitted as religions) but as unconsciously subscribing to a set of rules and freely consenting for them to rule your life and your way of reasoning, aborting all notions of individual personality.


In the 0th century, religious beliefs changed their nature and form of presentation. They became a lot more transparent and apparently devoid of all features that would make it an ideology. From a historical perspective, the political realm changed, rules of the game changed as well as mentalities and values. New forms of political alliegieance sprung out, available for all individuals, no matter what social or hierarchical category they belonged to. With the introduction of the universal suffrage and of numerous liberties, everyone was enitled to a personal opinion and was able to say it out loud or publish it; all categories of people were officially represented in the highest political forms of national representation. Religion had long before ceased to be a powerful political and economic instrument or a repression tool, defending the so-called “spiritual” salvation, and subjectively judging what was right or wrong. Therefore, it no longer represented a coercitive institutional constraint. Instead, it became one of the values that were clearly incorporated and advocted for, by several parties’ program platforms. Such were the Conservatives, who viewed religion as part of a traditional and historical heritage, worth of being considered a valuable element of internal and moral discipline, and by Fascist parties, which viewed it as a political form of discrimination. Actually Extreme Right parties and Conservatives share a lot of elements of their ideologies, such as attitudes towards change and history, anti-liberal family-oriented policies (anti-abortion, religious fundamentalism- not that extreme in the case of Conservatives), a nostalgia reactionary feeling, security and anti-immigrant policies (strict approach to crime and punishment, “Law and order” concept, etc), although this last common element took a deviant, nationalistic, xenophobic form of manifestation on the case of Fascist parties. One of the main effects of such a policy, doubled by racial discrimination, was the massive killing of the Jews by the Nazis, the Holocaust, during the Second World War. The “incubation” period of this aspect of Extreme Right parties’ ideology, especially the German model, was undoubtedly linked to the period of interwar fascism, when such religious-related ideas were fostered in an “unspoken” fashion. The famous “zwastika” on the Nazi flag was the symbol of a cross with its ends crooked toward the exterior. Therefore, religion was a subtle determinant of the Nazi ideology, causing rejection of other forms of religions, other than Christianity, and acting as a prime ideological fundament and legitimization for the massacres that followed.


Nowadays, even though religious and other kinds of toleration are officially instituted and supported by the majority of people, there are still certain political factions, which have not yet evolved to a superior, democratic and more reasonable, more modern way of understanding the world and the concepts that rule it. Some of the Conservative parties, adopting a new set of values and following a “silent counter-revolution”, moved further to the right and became even more radical in their political discourse and party platform (neo-conservatives). Others, like the Fascist parties, after a legitimacy crisis due to lack of public support, and thus an intermediate “shadowed” phase, have come to life again, but with a transformed, more radical and violent look the Neo-Nazis, for instance, in Germany. Other parties, like Liga Nord or Allianze Nationale in Italy, are also a part of this post-fascist political trend, but with a more mainstream, more popular look. What about the resurgence of numerous religious cults, the Islamic fundamentalist terrorist organizations, the “jihads”, the holy wars? These are modern day political and religious forms of “neo-crusades”, but this time the roles have been reversed. They advocate for a religious”awakening” of all Islamic countries to protect themselves against the alleged spreading of values and traditions over Muslim territories, of the evil Western or, on a more general level, Christian states. It is a form of cultural and religious rejection of anything that might interfere with or contradict the Islamic religious precepts.


Human society is in the midst of a clash of cultures, more precisely a clash of religions, that generates so much political and social unrest, but, most important, thousands of lives lost, as we saw in the September 11th events. Thus, history repeats itself religious beliefs are nowadays, again, acting as violent doctrines, and generating multiple desastrous consequences, not only politically or socially, but also ideologically speaking. Therefore, the main point I tried to make all thorough my essay, is that religious beliefs are not fundamentally different from ideological beliefs, on the contrary, religious beliefs, if handled without caution, lack of profound knowledge and ignorance, can become important weapons of mass ideological manipulation and terror. If we start a historical chronological journey, from Ancient times, going through the Middle Ages, and finally getting to contemporary times, we can see that religious beliefs have suffered so many changes to serve so many purposes (political, economic, cultural), in order to manipulate human maind and behaviour; unfortuntely, religion was turned into a doctrine to justify the means employed and the “noble” motives stated. Perhaps, in a future society, humans will understand the real purpose (that of spiritual “soother” and bringer of peace and happines) and rightful place of religion (that is, in the heart of individuals and not outside them). Otherwise, it will act just like “a soul without a mind/in a body without a heart”(Massive Attack).





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Saturday 25 June 2011

small business management

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Ace Enterprises


Chief Executive Officer (C.E.O.)


Hector L. Acevedo Jr.


Buy small business management term paper


Table of Contents


1. Executive Summary- Mission, Vision, Keys


to Success


. Company Overview- Company Ownership, Company 5


History, Profitability and Growth, Locations


and Hours of Operations


. Products/Service - Products, Services 7


4. Marketing - Customers, Market Share, 8


Marketing Strategy,


5. Management � Current, Organizational Structure 10


6. Financials � Start-Up Costs, Operating Costs 11


and Independent Owner Plan


Appendix I � Financial Statements 1


Appendix II- Independent Business Owner 15


Illustration


Executive Summary


Mission


Ace Enterprises is devoted to providing clients and members with top of the line products and services. In addition, the firm is devoted to creating a need, desire, and passion for others to become successful independent business owners. Ace Enterprises stands as an encouragement and mentor toward other independent businesses. Ace Enterprises stands to be dependable, reliable, and approachable, build relationships that will last forever.


Vision


Ace Enterprises has established itself as a leader in home based business industry. Headquartered in Dorchester, MA, Ace Enterprises will net in excess of $50 thousand dollars in profit within its first year of operations, ending November 004. The vision of Ace Enterprises is to create and establish other home based independently owned businesses internationally. This vision is to be accomplished by


ɨ Teaching customers to redirect buying habits.


ɨ Developing personally and take advantage of the system.


ɨ Reaching and teaching who are willing to listen.


ɨ Reaching and teaching who are willing to work.


Keys to Success


Ace Enterprises keys to success are


ɨ Superior quality. Products and services.


ɨ Providing a wide range and variety of products and services.


ɨ Establishing an interpersonal relationship with customers.


ɨ Establishing access of products through catalog and Internet services for shopping ease.


ɨ Providing encouragement to other home based businesses.


Company Overview


Company Ownership


Ace Enterprises is a privately held independent Massachusetts company. Hector L. Acevedo Jr. is the sole proprietor. It was Mr. Acevedo’s intent not to offer outside ownership. It was also his intention to offer and present a concept to others in order to make them successful.


Mr. Acevedo acquired a Bachelor’s of Science degree in Business Administration from Eastern Nazarene College. While in his senior year at Eastern Nazarene College, he was introduced to a marketing plan and business system that would allow him to create this company.


Company History


Hector Acevedo founded Ace Enterprises in November 00. The firm is affiliated with Quixtar.com, which is the manufacturer of the products and services. In addition, Britt World Wide is the business system that is also affiliated with Ace Enterprises. It was these two associates that Mr. Acevedo was able to optimize the growing demand for high-end quality products with unbeatable service. In addition, to provide a means for customers to acquire extra income in the process. Ace Enterprises has promoted itself through the building of interpersonal relationships with in the Massachusetts area. It has promoted heavily with other small business as well as residents of the area.


Profitability and Growth


Profitability will come from a plethora of avenues. Some avenues are due to retail and wholesale difference, performance bonuses, sponsorship revenues, and leadership bonuses are a few methods of income. Growth potential and opportunities are enormous.


Locations and Hours of Operations


Since the firm encourages others to create their independent business, anyone anywhere in the world is a growth potential and opportunity. This is how growth potential is so gigantic. The firm does not rely on franchising as a means of profitability. However, when other companies or business are created through the aid and sponsorship of Ace Enterprises, the firm will collect venue of income.


Ace Enterprises is open 4 hours a day, 65 days a year. How? The Internet is the main source of operations, and the other source of operations is through mail order catalog.


Products/Service


Products


Ace Enterprises deals within the realm of manufactured products. Products that are used in every day life, such as toilet paper, toothpaste, deodorant, soap, shampoo, etc. These top of the line products are concentrated. Also, they contain 100% product; unlike some of our competitors that use 0% product and 70% fillers. The personal health products are 100% organic providing a quicker dissolving rate into the body’s system. In addition to these exclusive Quixtar manufactured products, the company deals with electronics, apparel, furniture, beauty products, and more through the partner stores.


Services


Ace Enterprises provide services through partner stores and corporations such as hotels, car rentals, real estate firms, cellular phones and plans, financial services, food, auctions are a few of the services provided by Quixtar. In addition to the actual services provided, customers also receive discount prices. For instance, if a customer were looking to purchase an automobile. The automobile in question would be purchased slightly above the invoice price the dealership received.


Marketing


Customers


Ace Enterprises strives to serve the average customer. Customers using consumable products are the customers we intend to reach. The firm’s target market is people between the ages of 18-80 years of age. In addition, people of all races, backgrounds, religions, and both genders. Therefore, these parameters show that the target market is always growing.


Market Share


Market share is growing gradually. Once those who have been able to redirect their buying habits they will not want to go to the other products on the market. Our market is so enormous that expansion is very possible. The way to increase market share is through “High Tech, High Touch.” High tech means the way of ordering the products through the e-commerce. High touch is the interpersonal relationships we have with our customers and sponsored business.


Marketing Strategy


Word of mouth is the principle marketing strategy utilized to reach the target audience. This is how Ace Enterprises intends to create differentiation among competitors. It is because of this principle that cost remain low. There is no advertising budget; therefore, all of that capital is redirected toward research and development. This is how the exclusive core products are all leaders in their prospective product markets.


Management


Current Management


During this time Hector Acevedo is heading all operations for Ace Enterprise. However, small business alliances affiliated with Ace Enterprises aid in sales, sponsorship, strategy, technical support, product development, supplies, and overall success.


Organizational Structure


Future structure will remain the same. Since, Ace Enterprises’ alliances aid in all areas of operations; there is no need to hire personnel. In addition, small businesses sponsored by Ace Enterprises will be mentored not managed by Ace Enterprises. Furthermore, those alliances sponsored by Ace Enterprises will also be mentored by the alliances that mentor Ace Enterprises and all its operations.


Financials


Start-Up costs


The costs for start up are the main costs to be accounted for. The cost to register with Quixtar and BWW is a miniscule fee. This cost covers sample products, literature, and the access to the Quixtar site. Furthermore, due to the nature of the business set up there is no need for personnel, legal fees, occupancy, insurance, advertising, salaries, accounting, and payroll expenses. The only starts up costs to account for are utilities, supplies, and equipment.


Operating Costs


Operating costs are the same as the start up costs. Personnel, insurance, rent, loan payments, advertising/promotions, legal, accounting, payroll expenses, and salaries/wages are not accounted for. However, expenses such as supplies, miscellaneous, utilities, renewal fees (yearly), repairs/maintenance (for equipment), depreciation (for equipment), and taxes.


Independent Business Owner Plan


There are four steps to success. Every product has a point value (PV) associated with it along with a business dollar value (BV). This serves as an inflation fighter, and it is a 1.5 ratio respectively. In addition, the difference between wholesale and retail is an estimated savings of % which an IBO receives. The performance bonus schedule (see Appendix I) is the way in which Quixtar pay its IBOs. Furthermore, the more sponsored will create more income generated.


ɨ Step one, 100PV


% - Your est. retail profit on $50 BV= $ 8.50; Quixtar pays % of $50 BV= $7.50


Income $0/mo. $1,080/yr.


ɨ Step two, sponsor 6 doing 100PV, 700PV= $1,750 BV.


% of $1,750 BV= $157.50


Quixtar pays % of $50 BV= $7.50 x 6= $45


$157.50-$45= $11.50+$8.50 Income $15/mo. $,40/yr.


ɨ Step three, 6 sponsor 4 doing 100PV, 100PV= $7,750 BV


18% of $7,750 BV= $1,5


Quixtar pays 6% of $1,50 BV (5 IBOs x $50 BV)


$75 x 6= $450, $1,5-$450= $45+$8.50


Income $1,07/mo. $1,0/yr.


ɨ Step four, 4 sponsor doing 100PV, 700PV= $1,750 BV


5% of $1,750 BV= $4,7.50


Quixtar pays 1% of $,50 BV (1 IBOs x $50 BV)


$0 x 6= $,40, $47.50-$,40= $57.50+$8.50


Income $,680/mo. $,160/yr.


Appendix I


Start-Up Budget ($)


Income 7


Personnel 0


Legal/Professorial Fees 0


Occupancy 0


Licenses 14


Equipment 0


Insurance 0


Supplies 0


Advertising 0


Salaries/Wages 0


Accounting 0


Utilities 0


Payroll Expenses 0


Total (51)


Operating Budget Year 1


(Yearly Est.)


Income ,160 6,1 150,000


Personnel 0 0 0


Insurance 0 0 0


Rent 0 0 0


Depreciation 0 0 0


Loan Payment 0 0 0


Advertising 0 0 0


Legal/Accounting 0 0 0


Supplies 000 4500 6000


Payroll Expenses 0 0 0


Salaries/Wages 0 0 0


Miscellaneous Exp. 000 4500 6000


Total 6,160 60,1 18,000


Projected Balance Sheet


Assets


Current 0 04 05


Cash 11,160 46,5 10,78


Inv. 0 0 0


Other Current 0 0 0


Total


Long-term Assets


Long-term Assets 15,000 40,000 110,000


Accumulated Dep. 0 1,50 7,500


Total Long-term Assets 15,000 8,750 10,500


Total Assets 6,160 85,8 ,8


Liabilities and Capital


Accounts Payable 0 0 0


Current Borrowing 0 0 0


Other Current Liabilities 0 0 0


Total Current 0 0 0


Long-term Liabilities 0 0 0


Total Liabilities 0 0 0


Paid-in Capital 0 0 0


Retained Earnings 0 6,160 85,8


Earnings 6,160 60,1 18,000


Total Capital


Total Liabilities


And Capital 6,160 85,8 ,8


Appendix II


Step One Step Two


Step Three Step Four





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